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1##################### generated by xml-casa (v2) from simobserve.xml ################ 

2##################### 0e3aaa53282e4e44cb7a3dfe57d8f593 ############################## 

3from __future__ import absolute_import 

4import numpy 

5from casatools.typecheck import CasaValidator as _val_ctor 

6_pc = _val_ctor( ) 

7from casatools.coercetype import coerce as _coerce 

8from casatools.errors import create_error_string 

9from .private.task_simobserve import simobserve as _simobserve_t 

10from casatasks.private.task_logging import start_log as _start_log 

11from casatasks.private.task_logging import end_log as _end_log 

12from casatasks.private.task_logging import except_log as _except_log 

13 

14class _simobserve: 

15 """ 

16 simobserve ---- visibility simulation task 

17 

18  

19 This task simulates interferometric or total power measurment sets. It 

20 is currently optimized for JVLA and ALMA, although many observatories 

21 are included, and adding your own is simply a matter of providing an 

22 antenna location file (see below). 

23  

24 simobserve is meant to work in conjunction with the simanalyze 

25 task. Calling simobserve one more times will produce simulated 

26 measurement set(s), which are then gridded, inverted and deconvolved 

27 into output simulated images using simanalyze. 

28  

29 ALMA users are encouraged to use the simalma task, which provides 

30 additional information on the multiple simobserve and simanalyze calls 

31 required to simulate an ALMA observation which may consist of 12m 

32 interferometric, 7m interferometric, and 12m total power data. 

33  

34 More information and examples are availible in the CASA Guides (http://casaguides.nrao.edu) under Simulations. 

35 Please contact the CASA Team with any questions (see 

36 https://casa.nrao.edu/index_contact.shtml) 

37 

38 --------- parameter descriptions --------------------------------------------- 

39 

40 project root prefix for output file names 

41 skymodel Model image to observe 

42  

43 * simobserve uses a CASA or fits image. If you 

44 merely have a grid of numbers, you will need to 

45 write them out as fits or write a CASA script to 

46 read them in and use the ia tool to create an 

47 image and insert the data. 

48  

49 * simobserve does NOT require a coordinate system 

50 in the header. If the coordinate information is 

51 incomplete, missing, or you would like to 

52 override it, set the appropriate "in" 

53 parameters. NOTE that setting those parameters 

54 simply changes the header values, ignoring any 

55 values already in the image. No regridding is 

56 performed.  

57  

58 * You can also manipulate an image header manually 

59 with the "imhead" task.  

60  

61 * If you have a proper Coordinate System, 

62 simobserve will do its best to generate 

63 visibilities from that. 

64 inbright Peak brightness to scale the image to, in Jy/pixel 

65 Subparameter of skymodel 

66 Default: '' (i.e., unchanged) 

67  

68 Example: inbright='1.2Jy/pixel' 

69  

70 Note: "unchanged" will take the numerical values 

71 in your image and assume they are in Jy/pixel, 

72 even if it says some other unit in the header. 

73 indirection Central direction to place the sky model image 

74 Subparameter of skymodel 

75 Default: '' (use whatever is in the image 

76 already) 

77  

78 Example: indirection='J2000 19h00m00 

79 -40d00m00' 

80 incell set new cell/pixel size 

81 Subparameter of skymodel 

82 Default: '' (use whatever is in the image 

83 already) 

84  

85 Example: incell='0.1arcsec' 

86 incenter Frequency to use for the center channel (or only channel, 

87 if the skymodel is 2D). 

88 Subparameter of skymodel 

89 Default: '' (use whatever is in the image 

90 already) 

91  

92 This will also become the default rest frequency, e.g. when imaging with tclean. 

93  

94 Example: incenter='89GHz' 

95 inwidth Set new channel width  

96 Subparameter of skymodel 

97 Default: '' (use whatever is in the image 

98 already) 

99  

100 Should be a string representing a quantity with 

101 units e.g. inwidth='10MHz' 

102  

103 NOTES:  

104 * Only works reliably with frequencies, not 

105 velocities  

106 * It is not possible to change the number of 

107 spectral planes of the sky model, only to relabel 

108 them with different frequencies That kind of 

109 regridding can be accomplished with the CASA 

110 toolkit. 

111 complist Component list model of the sky, added to or instead of skymodel. 

112 compwidth Bandwidth of components 

113 Subparameter of complist 

114  

115 If simulating from components only, this defines 

116 the bandwidth of the MS and output images 

117  

118 Example: compwidth='8GHz' 

119 comp_nchan Channelization of components 

120 Subparameter of complist 

121  

122 If simulating from components only, this defines 

123 the number of channels of the MeasurementSet 

124  

125 Example: comp_nchan=256 

126 setpointings If true, calculate a map of pointings and write ptgfile. If false, read pointings from ptgfile. 

127 Default: True 

128  

129 If graphics are on, display the pointings shown 

130 on the model image 

131 ptgfile A text file specifying directions 

132 Subparameter of setpointings=False 

133  

134 The text file should have the following format, 

135 with optional integration times: 

136 Epoch RA DEC TIME(optional) 

137 J2000 23h59m28.10 -019d52m12.35 10.0 

138  

139 If the time column is not present in the file, it 

140 will use "integration" for all pointings. 

141  

142 NOTE: at this time the file should contain only 

143 science pointings: simobserve will observe these, 

144 then optionally the calibrator, then the list of 

145 science pointings again, etc, until totaltime is 

146 used up. 

147 integration Time interval for each integration 

148 Subparameter of setpointings=False 

149  

150 Example: integration='10s' 

151  

152 NOTE: to simulate a "scan" longer than one 

153 integration, use setpointings to generate a 

154 pointing file, and then edit the file to increase 

155 the time at each point to be larger than the 

156 parameter integration time. 

157 direction Mosaic center direction. 

158 Subparameter of setpointings=True 

159  

160 Example: "J2000 19h00m00 -40d00m00" or "" to 

161 center on model 

162  

163 If unset, will use the center of the skymodel 

164 image. 

165 * can optionally be a list of pointings, otherwise 

166 * simobserve will cover a region of size mapsize 

167 according to maptype 

168 mapsize Angular size of of mosaic map to simulate. 

169 Subparameter of setpointings=True 

170  

171 Set to "" to cover model 

172 maptype How to calculate the pointings for the mosaic 

173 observation? 

174 Subparameter of setpointings=True 

175 Options: hexagonal, square (raster), ALMA, etc 

176  

177 "ALMA" for the same hex algorithm as the ALMA 

178 Cycle 1 OT or "ALMA2012" for the algorithm used 

179 in the Cycle 0 OT 

180 pointingspacing Spacing in between pointings.  

181 Subparameter of setpointings=True 

182  

183 Examples:  

184 pointingspacing="0.25PB"  

185 pointingspacing="" for ALMA default 

186 INT=lambda/D/sqrt(3), SD=lambda/D/3 

187 caldirection pt source calibrator [experimental] 

188 calflux pt source calibrator flux [experimental] 

189 obsmode Observation mode to simulate 

190 Options: int(interferometer)|sd(singledish)|""(none) 

191  

192 Observation mode to calculate visibilities from a 

193 skymodel image (which may have been modified 

194 above), an optional component list, and a 

195 pointing file (which also may have been generated 

196 above). 

197  

198 This parameter takes two possible values: 

199 - interferometer (or int) 

200 - singledish (or sd) 

201 * If graphics are on, this observe step will 

202 display the array (similar to plotants), the uv 

203 coverage, the synthesized (dirty) beam, and 

204 ephemeris information  

205 * If simulating from a component list, you should 

206 specify "compwidth", the desired bandwidth; and  

207 specify "comp_nchan", the desired channelization 

208 if more than one output channel is desired 

209 refdate Date of simulated observation 

210 Subparameter of obsmode='int|sd' 

211 Not critical unless concatting simulations 

212  

213 Example: refdate="2014/05/21" 

214 hourangle Hour angle of observation center. 

215 Subparameter of obsmode='int|sd' 

216  

217 Examples: 

218 hourangle="-3:00:00", "5h", or "transit" 

219 totaltime Total time of observation or number of repetitions 

220 Subparameter of obsmode='int|sd' 

221  

222 Example: 

223 totaltime='7200s' 

224 If a number without units, interpreted as the 

225 number of times to repeat the mosaic. 

226 antennalist Text file containing antenna positions. 

227 Subparameter of obsmode='int|""' 

228  

229 Each row has x y z coordinates and antenna diameter 

230 with optional station name and antenna name. 

231 Header lines are required to specify: 

232 # observatory=ALMA 

233 # coordsys=UTM 

234  

235 If the Universal Transverse Mercator projection is 

236 specified, then other keywords are required: 

237 # datum=WGS84 

238 # zone=19 

239 # hemisphere=S 

240  

241 If the observatory keyword is not defined, then the 

242 COFA keyword should be, using a coordinate pair: 

243 #COFA=-67.75,-23.02 

244  

245 * Standard array configurations are found in your 

246 CASA data repository, 

247 * If "", simobserve will not not produce an 

248 interferometric MS  

249 * A string of the form "alma;0.5arcsec" will be 

250 parsed into a full 12m ALMA configuration. 

251 sdantlist single dish antenna position file 

252 Subparameter of obsmode='sd|""' 

253 sdant Index of the antenna in the list to use for total power.  

254 Subparameter of obsmode='sd|""' 

255 Default: first antenna on the list. 

256 outframe spectral frame of MS to create 

257 Subparameter of obsmode='sd|""' 

258 thermalnoise add thermal noise. 

259 Options: tsys-atm, tsys-manual, "" 

260  

261 This parameter accepts two settings: 

262 - tsys-atm: J. Pardo's ATM library will be used 

263 to construct an atmospheric profile for the ALMA 

264 site: altitude 5000m, ground pressure 650mbar, 

265 relhum=20%, a water layer of user_pwv at altitude 

266 of 2km, the sky brightness temperature returned 

267 by ATM, and internally tabulated receiver 

268 temperatures. 

269 - tsys-manual: instead of using the ATM model, 

270 specify the zenith sky brightness and opacity 

271 manually. Noise is added and then the visibility 

272 flux scale is referenced above the atmosphere. 

273  

274 If left unset (empty string) no thermalnoise 

275 corruption is performed. 

276  

277 In either mode, noise is calculated using an 

278 antenna spillover efficiency of 0.96, taper of 

279 0.86, surface accuracy of 25 and 300 microns for 

280 ALMA and EVLA respectively (using the Ruze 

281 formula for surface efficiency), correlator 

282 efficiencies of 0.95 and 0.91 for ALMA and EVLA, 

283 receiver temperatures  

284 for ALMA of 17, 30, 37, 51, 65, 

285 83,147,196,175,230 K interpolated between 35, 

286 75,110,145,185,230,345,409,675,867 GHz,  

287 for EVLA of 500, 70, 60, 55, 100, 130, 350 K 

288 interpolated between 

289 0.33,1.47,4.89,8.44,22.5,33.5,43.3 GHz,  

290 for SMA of 67, 116, 134, 500 K interpolated 

291 between 212.,310.,383.,660. GHz. 

292  

293 Note: These are only approximate numbers and do 

294 not take into account performance at edges of 

295 receiver bands, neither are they guaranteed to 

296 reflect the most recent measurements. Caveat 

297 emptor. Use the sm tool to add noise if you want 

298 more precise control, and use the ALMA exposure 

299 time calculator for sensitivity numbers in 

300 proposals. 

301 user_pwv Precipitable water vapor if constructing an atmospheric 

302 model (in mm) 

303 Subparameter of thermalnoise='tsys-atm' 

304 t_ground Ground/spillover temperature in K 

305 Subparameter of 

306 thermalnoise='tsys-atm|tsys-manual' 

307 t_sky Atmospheric temperature in K 

308 Subparameter of thermalnoise='tsys-manual' 

309 tau0 Zenith opacity at observing frequency 

310 Subparameter of thermalnoise='tsys-manual' 

311  

312 See the Simulations CASA Guide (https://casaguides.nrao.edu) on 'Corrupting Simulated Data' for more information on noise, in particular how to add a phase screen using the toolkit 

313 seed Random number seed 

314 Subparameter of 

315 thermalnoise='tsys-atm|tsys-manual' 

316 leakage add cross polarization corruption of this fractional 

317 magnitude (interferometer only) 

318 graphics View plots on the screen, saved to file, both, or neither 

319 Options: screen|file|both|none 

320 verbose Print extra information to the logger and terminal 

321 Default: False 

322 Options: True|False 

323 overwrite Overwrite files starting with $project 

324 Default: False 

325 Options: True|False 

326 RETURNS bool 

327 

328 --------- examples ----------------------------------------------------------- 

329 

330  

331  

332  

333 For more information, see the task pages of simobserve in CASA Docs: 

334  

335 https://casa.nrao.edu/casadocs/ 

336 

337 

338 """ 

339 

340 _info_group_ = """simulation""" 

341 _info_desc_ = """visibility simulation task""" 

342 

343 def __call__( self, project='sim', skymodel='', inbright='', indirection='', incell='', incenter='', inwidth='', complist='', compwidth='"8GHz"', comp_nchan=int(1), setpointings=True, ptgfile='$project.ptg.txt', integration='10s', direction=[ ], mapsize=[ '','' ], maptype='hexagonal', pointingspacing='', caldirection='', calflux='1Jy', obsmode='int', refdate='2014/01/01', hourangle='transit', totaltime='7200s', antennalist='', sdantlist='aca.tp.cfg', sdant=int(0), outframe='LSRK', thermalnoise='tsys-atm', user_pwv=float(0.5), t_ground=float(270.), t_sky=float(260.), tau0=float(0.1), seed=int(11111), leakage=float(0.0), graphics='both', verbose=False, overwrite=True ): 

344 schema = {'project': {'type': 'cStr', 'coerce': _coerce.to_str}, 'skymodel': {'type': 'cStr', 'coerce': _coerce.to_str}, 'inbright': {'type': 'cStr', 'coerce': _coerce.to_str}, 'indirection': {'type': 'cStr', 'coerce': _coerce.to_str}, 'incell': {'type': 'cStr', 'coerce': _coerce.to_str}, 'incenter': {'type': 'cStr', 'coerce': _coerce.to_str}, 'inwidth': {'type': 'cStr', 'coerce': _coerce.to_str}, 'complist': {'type': 'cStr', 'coerce': _coerce.to_str}, 'compwidth': {'type': 'cStr', 'coerce': _coerce.to_str}, 'comp_nchan': {'type': 'cInt'}, 'setpointings': {'type': 'cBool'}, 'ptgfile': {'type': 'cStr', 'coerce': _coerce.to_str}, 'integration': {'type': 'cStr', 'coerce': _coerce.to_str}, 'direction': {'type': 'cStrVec', 'coerce': [_coerce.to_list,_coerce.to_strvec]}, 'mapsize': {'type': 'cStrVec', 'coerce': [_coerce.to_list,_coerce.to_strvec]}, 'maptype': {'type': 'cStr', 'coerce': _coerce.to_str, 'allowed': [ 'alma', 'square', 'hexagonal', 'ALMA-OT', 'ALMA', 'ALMA2012', 'hex' ]}, 'pointingspacing': {'type': 'cStr', 'coerce': _coerce.to_str}, 'caldirection': {'type': 'cStr', 'coerce': _coerce.to_str}, 'calflux': {'type': 'cStr', 'coerce': _coerce.to_str}, 'obsmode': {'type': 'cStr', 'coerce': _coerce.to_str, 'allowed': [ '', 'int', 'sd' ]}, 'refdate': {'type': 'cStr', 'coerce': _coerce.to_str}, 'hourangle': {'type': 'cStr', 'coerce': _coerce.to_str}, 'totaltime': {'type': 'cStr', 'coerce': _coerce.to_str}, 'antennalist': {'type': 'cStr', 'coerce': _coerce.to_str}, 'sdantlist': {'type': 'cStr', 'coerce': _coerce.to_str}, 'sdant': {'type': 'cInt'}, 'outframe': {'type': 'cStr', 'coerce': _coerce.to_str}, 'thermalnoise': {'type': 'cStr', 'coerce': _coerce.to_str, 'allowed': [ '', 'tsys-atm', 'tsys-manual' ]}, 'user_pwv': {'type': 'cFloat', 'coerce': _coerce.to_float, 'min': 0}, 't_ground': {'type': 'cFloat', 'coerce': _coerce.to_float, 'min': 0}, 't_sky': {'type': 'cFloat', 'coerce': _coerce.to_float, 'min': 0}, 'tau0': {'type': 'cFloat', 'coerce': _coerce.to_float, 'min': 0}, 'seed': {'type': 'cInt'}, 'leakage': {'type': 'cFloat', 'coerce': _coerce.to_float, 'min': 0}, 'graphics': {'type': 'cStr', 'coerce': _coerce.to_str, 'allowed': [ 'none', 'file', 'both', 'screen', '' ]}, 'verbose': {'type': 'cBool'}, 'overwrite': {'type': 'cBool'}} 

345 doc = {'project': project, 'skymodel': skymodel, 'inbright': inbright, 'indirection': indirection, 'incell': incell, 'incenter': incenter, 'inwidth': inwidth, 'complist': complist, 'compwidth': compwidth, 'comp_nchan': comp_nchan, 'setpointings': setpointings, 'ptgfile': ptgfile, 'integration': integration, 'direction': direction, 'mapsize': mapsize, 'maptype': maptype, 'pointingspacing': pointingspacing, 'caldirection': caldirection, 'calflux': calflux, 'obsmode': obsmode, 'refdate': refdate, 'hourangle': hourangle, 'totaltime': totaltime, 'antennalist': antennalist, 'sdantlist': sdantlist, 'sdant': sdant, 'outframe': outframe, 'thermalnoise': thermalnoise, 'user_pwv': user_pwv, 't_ground': t_ground, 't_sky': t_sky, 'tau0': tau0, 'seed': seed, 'leakage': leakage, 'graphics': graphics, 'verbose': verbose, 'overwrite': overwrite} 

346 assert _pc.validate(doc,schema), create_error_string(_pc.errors) 

347 _logging_state_ = _start_log( 'simobserve', [ 'project=' + repr(_pc.document['project']), 'skymodel=' + repr(_pc.document['skymodel']), 'inbright=' + repr(_pc.document['inbright']), 'indirection=' + repr(_pc.document['indirection']), 'incell=' + repr(_pc.document['incell']), 'incenter=' + repr(_pc.document['incenter']), 'inwidth=' + repr(_pc.document['inwidth']), 'complist=' + repr(_pc.document['complist']), 'compwidth=' + repr(_pc.document['compwidth']), 'comp_nchan=' + repr(_pc.document['comp_nchan']), 'setpointings=' + repr(_pc.document['setpointings']), 'ptgfile=' + repr(_pc.document['ptgfile']), 'integration=' + repr(_pc.document['integration']), 'direction=' + repr(_pc.document['direction']), 'mapsize=' + repr(_pc.document['mapsize']), 'maptype=' + repr(_pc.document['maptype']), 'pointingspacing=' + repr(_pc.document['pointingspacing']), 'caldirection=' + repr(_pc.document['caldirection']), 'calflux=' + repr(_pc.document['calflux']), 'obsmode=' + repr(_pc.document['obsmode']), 'refdate=' + repr(_pc.document['refdate']), 'hourangle=' + repr(_pc.document['hourangle']), 'totaltime=' + repr(_pc.document['totaltime']), 'antennalist=' + repr(_pc.document['antennalist']), 'sdantlist=' + repr(_pc.document['sdantlist']), 'sdant=' + repr(_pc.document['sdant']), 'outframe=' + repr(_pc.document['outframe']), 'thermalnoise=' + repr(_pc.document['thermalnoise']), 'user_pwv=' + repr(_pc.document['user_pwv']), 't_ground=' + repr(_pc.document['t_ground']), 't_sky=' + repr(_pc.document['t_sky']), 'tau0=' + repr(_pc.document['tau0']), 'seed=' + repr(_pc.document['seed']), 'leakage=' + repr(_pc.document['leakage']), 'graphics=' + repr(_pc.document['graphics']), 'verbose=' + repr(_pc.document['verbose']), 'overwrite=' + repr(_pc.document['overwrite']) ] ) 

348 task_result = None 

349 try: 

350 task_result = _simobserve_t( _pc.document['project'], _pc.document['skymodel'], _pc.document['inbright'], _pc.document['indirection'], _pc.document['incell'], _pc.document['incenter'], _pc.document['inwidth'], _pc.document['complist'], _pc.document['compwidth'], _pc.document['comp_nchan'], _pc.document['setpointings'], _pc.document['ptgfile'], _pc.document['integration'], _pc.document['direction'], _pc.document['mapsize'], _pc.document['maptype'], _pc.document['pointingspacing'], _pc.document['caldirection'], _pc.document['calflux'], _pc.document['obsmode'], _pc.document['refdate'], _pc.document['hourangle'], _pc.document['totaltime'], _pc.document['antennalist'], _pc.document['sdantlist'], _pc.document['sdant'], _pc.document['outframe'], _pc.document['thermalnoise'], _pc.document['user_pwv'], _pc.document['t_ground'], _pc.document['t_sky'], _pc.document['tau0'], _pc.document['seed'], _pc.document['leakage'], _pc.document['graphics'], _pc.document['verbose'], _pc.document['overwrite'] ) 

351 except Exception as exc: 

352 _except_log('simobserve', exc) 

353 raise 

354 finally: 

355 task_result = _end_log( _logging_state_, 'simobserve', task_result ) 

356 return task_result 

357 

358simobserve = _simobserve( ) 

359